Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya

Imbenzi J. Serede; Benedict M. Mutua; James M. Raude

doi:doi:10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11

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Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya

Imbenzi J. Serede, Benedict M. Mutua, James M. Raude

Published in Hydrology (Volume 3, Issue 6)

Received: 15 August 2015 Accepted: 11 September 2015 Published: 15 October 2015

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Abstract

Canal roughness is one of the most sensitive parameter in simulation of irrigation canals. The present study attempted to calibrate the channel roughness coefficient (Manning’s “n” value) along the Thiba main canal reach, through simulation of canal discharges and water depths using HEC-RAS Model. After HEC-RAS model was calibrated and validated using two sets of observed discharges and water levels, it was used to simulate the hydraulic behaviour of Thiba main canal reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme (MIS). The model was used to simulate different flows in the main canal as a result of varying the design discharges through the sluice gates and drop structures. Statistical and graphical techniques were used for model assessment to establish its performance. The results of the study showed that an increase in roughness coefficients caused a corresponding increase in the water levels for both Link Canal II (LCII) and Thiba Main Canal (TMC), while a decrease in roughness coefficients led to a decrease in water levels for both canals. The largest change in simulated water levels was 0.45 and 0.12 m in TMC and LCII respectively. It was concluded from the simulation study that Manning’s “n” value of 0.023 and 0.016 gave best result for LCII and TMC reaches respectively.

Published in	Hydrology (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11
Page(s)	55-65
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Calibration, Simulation, HEC-RAS Model, Reach

References

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[4]	Gibb Africa Limited. (2010). Mwea Irrigation Development Project Design review main report. 1, 36-37.
[5]	Koei, N. (2008). Mwea Irrigation Development Project Design main report. 2, 28.
[6]	Kragh, E. M. (2011). Flood capacity improvement of San Jose Creek Channel using HEC-RAS. San Jose Creek, California.
[7]	Kumar, P. P., Sankhua, R. N., and Roy, G. P. (2012). Calibration of channel roughness for Mahanadi River (India), using HEC-RAS Model. Journal of water resources and protection, 4: 847-850.
[8]	Maghsoud, A., Alireza, P., and Majid, R. (2013). Study and simulation of Hydraulic and structural changes of changing of section from soil to concrete. Middle East Journal of Scientific research, 4,(3):7-11.
[9]	May, D. R., Lopez, A., and Brown, L. (2000). Validation of the hydraulic-open channel flow model HEC-RAS with observed data. Available from www.hec.usace.army. (Accessed 20 May, 2015).
[10]	Molden, D. (2007). Water for Food, Water for Life: A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. Earthscan and International Water Management Institute. London and Colombo.
[11]	Munir, M. A., and Qurreshi, M. E. (2010). Global water crisis and future food security in an era of climate change. Food Policy, 35: 365-377.
[12]	Patro, S., Chatterjee, C., Mohanty, S., Singh, R., and Raghuwanshi, N.S. (2009). Flood Inundation Modeling Using Mike Flood and Remote Sensing Data. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 37, (1): 107-118.
[13]	Timbadiya, P. V., Patel, P. L., and Porey, R. D. (2011). Calibration of HEC-RAS model prediction of flood for lower Tapi River, India. Journal of water resources and protection, India: SciRes publishers.
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[15]	US Army Corps of Engineers. (2008). HEC-RAS, User Manual. Hydrologic Engineering Center, Davis Version 4.0.
[16]	Usul, N. and Burak, T. (2006). Flood Forecasting and Analysis within the Ulus Basin, Turkey, Using Geographic Information Systems, Natural Hazards, 39, (2):213-229.
[17]	Vijay, R., Sargoankar, A., and Gupta, A. (2007). Hydrodynamic Simulation of River Yamuna for Riverbed Assessment: A Case Study of Delhi Region. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 130, (3): 381-387.
[18]	Wasantha Lal, A. M. (1995). Calibration of Riverbed Roughness. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 121, (9): 664-671.

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APA Style

Imbenzi J. Serede, Benedict M. Mutua, James M. Raude. (2015). Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. Hydrology, 3(6), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11

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ACS Style

Imbenzi J. Serede; Benedict M. Mutua; James M. Raude. Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. Hydrology. 2015, 3(6), 55-65. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11

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AMA Style

Imbenzi J. Serede, Benedict M. Mutua, James M. Raude. Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. Hydrology. 2015;3(6):55-65. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11

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@article{10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11,
  author = {Imbenzi J. Serede and Benedict M. Mutua and James M. Raude},
  title = {Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya},
  journal = {Hydrology},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {55-65},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hyd.20150306.11},
  abstract = {Canal roughness is one of the most sensitive parameter in simulation of irrigation canals. The present study attempted to calibrate the channel roughness coefficient (Manning’s “n” value) along the Thiba main canal reach, through simulation of canal discharges and water depths using HEC-RAS Model. After HEC-RAS model was calibrated and validated using two sets of observed discharges and water levels, it was used to simulate the hydraulic behaviour of Thiba main canal reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme (MIS). The model was used to simulate different flows in the main canal as a result of varying the design discharges through the sluice gates and drop structures. Statistical and graphical techniques were used for model assessment to establish its performance. The results of the study showed that an increase in roughness coefficients caused a corresponding increase in the water levels for both Link Canal II (LCII) and Thiba Main Canal (TMC), while a decrease in roughness coefficients led to a decrease in water levels for both canals. The largest change in simulated water levels was 0.45 and 0.12 m in TMC and LCII respectively. It was concluded from the simulation study that Manning’s “n” value of 0.023 and 0.016 gave best result for LCII and TMC reaches respectively.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya
AU - Imbenzi J. Serede
AU - Benedict M. Mutua
AU - James M. Raude
Y1 - 2015/10/15
PY - 2015
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11
DO - 10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11
T2 - Hydrology
JF - Hydrology
JO - Hydrology
SP - 55
EP - 65
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2330-7617
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11
AB - Canal roughness is one of the most sensitive parameter in simulation of irrigation canals. The present study attempted to calibrate the channel roughness coefficient (Manning’s “n” value) along the Thiba main canal reach, through simulation of canal discharges and water depths using HEC-RAS Model. After HEC-RAS model was calibrated and validated using two sets of observed discharges and water levels, it was used to simulate the hydraulic behaviour of Thiba main canal reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme (MIS). The model was used to simulate different flows in the main canal as a result of varying the design discharges through the sluice gates and drop structures. Statistical and graphical techniques were used for model assessment to establish its performance. The results of the study showed that an increase in roughness coefficients caused a corresponding increase in the water levels for both Link Canal II (LCII) and Thiba Main Canal (TMC), while a decrease in roughness coefficients led to a decrease in water levels for both canals. The largest change in simulated water levels was 0.45 and 0.12 m in TMC and LCII respectively. It was concluded from the simulation study that Manning’s “n” value of 0.023 and 0.016 gave best result for LCII and TMC reaches respectively.
VL - 3
IS - 6
ER -

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Author Information

Imbenzi J. Serede

Department of Planning and Design, National Irrigation Board, Nairobi, Kenya
Benedict M. Mutua

Department of Agricultural Engineering, Egerton University, Nakuru, Kenya
James M. Raude

Department of Biomechanical and Environmental Engineering, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Juja, Kenya

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Imbenzi J. Serede, Benedict M. Mutua, James M. Raude. (2015). Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. Hydrology, 3(6), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11

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ACS Style

Imbenzi J. Serede; Benedict M. Mutua; James M. Raude. Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. Hydrology. 2015, 3(6), 55-65. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11

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AMA Style

Imbenzi J. Serede, Benedict M. Mutua, James M. Raude. Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. Hydrology. 2015;3(6):55-65. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11

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@article{10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11,
  author = {Imbenzi J. Serede and Benedict M. Mutua and James M. Raude},
  title = {Calibration of Channel Roughness Coefficient for Thiba Main Canal Reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya},
  journal = {Hydrology},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {55-65},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20150306.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hyd.20150306.11},
  abstract = {Canal roughness is one of the most sensitive parameter in simulation of irrigation canals. The present study attempted to calibrate the channel roughness coefficient (Manning’s “n” value) along the Thiba main canal reach, through simulation of canal discharges and water depths using HEC-RAS Model. After HEC-RAS model was calibrated and validated using two sets of observed discharges and water levels, it was used to simulate the hydraulic behaviour of Thiba main canal reach in Mwea Irrigation Scheme (MIS). The model was used to simulate different flows in the main canal as a result of varying the design discharges through the sluice gates and drop structures. Statistical and graphical techniques were used for model assessment to establish its performance. The results of the study showed that an increase in roughness coefficients caused a corresponding increase in the water levels for both Link Canal II (LCII) and Thiba Main Canal (TMC), while a decrease in roughness coefficients led to a decrease in water levels for both canals. The largest change in simulated water levels was 0.45 and 0.12 m in TMC and LCII respectively. It was concluded from the simulation study that Manning’s “n” value of 0.023 and 0.016 gave best result for LCII and TMC reaches respectively.},
 year = {2015}
}

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