@article{10.11648/j.hyd.20231102.12,
  author = {Inayat Ur Rahman and Cui Yian and Shafqat Hussain and Akbar Ali and Mustafa Qasim and Idrees Khan and Musa Khan},
  title = {Geophysical Prospecting of Aquifer Hydrogeological Properties: Implications for Groundwater Resource Management in Parts of Indus Plain, Pakistan},
  journal = {Hydrology},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {33-42},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hyd.20231102.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20231102.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hyd.20231102.12},
  abstract = {Groundwater resource management is globally essential for sustainable development, as approximately 30% of Earth's total freshwater is accessible as groundwater. Additionally, the sustainability of groundwater resources in northeast Punjab province, Pakistan, is under threat due to several processes, including overexploitation, increasing pollution, and anthropogenic activities in the current Anthropocene era. Addressing this problem requires continuous hydrogeological exploration. Thus, extensive and adequate hydrogeological exploration is necessary to identify underlying geological layers, the aquifer layer, and aquifer hydrogeological properties. In this study, we conducted the resistivity technique, specifically vertical electrical sounding (VES), in conjunction with borehole lithological logs. The objective was to delineate the variations in depth, thickness, and resistivity of the underlying hydrogeological layers, as well as to evaluate the aquifer geohydraulic properties (e. g., depth, thickness, apparent resistivity, transverse resistance, longitudinal conductance, hydraulic conductivity, and transmissivity) and groundwater quality properties (e g., salinity distribution). This assessment aimed to gain insights into the potentiality of groundwater and the potential risks of groundwater contamination for effective groundwater resource management. We utilized the least-squares method of the IpI2Winv program to invert the calculated apparent resistivity, which was characterized by a dynamic range for smoothening and correcting outliers. The subsurface was divided into rectangular blocks, and the application automatically generated a 2D model. To reduce the discrepancy between the measured and computed apparent resistivity values, we repeatedly modified the resistivity of the blocks through computer iteration. This iterative process aimed to minimize errors and increase the goodness of fit. The relationship between the model response and the VES points' field data was frequently less than 8%. The comprehensive analysis of aquifer geohydraulic properties and groundwater salinity distribution provides valuable insights for groundwater resource management. In summary, this study will aid in developing a plan for drilling new productive wells to ensure drinking water, irrigation, and long-term plantation sustainability in the region and other areas within the Indus Plain, Pakistan.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Geophysical Prospecting of Aquifer Hydrogeological Properties: Implications for Groundwater Resource Management in Parts of Indus Plain, Pakistan
AU  - Inayat Ur Rahman
AU  - Cui Yian
AU  - Shafqat Hussain
AU  - Akbar Ali
AU  - Mustafa Qasim
AU  - Idrees Khan
AU  - Musa Khan
Y1  - 2023/07/24
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20231102.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.hyd.20231102.12
T2  - Hydrology
JF  - Hydrology
JO  - Hydrology
SP  - 33
EP  - 42
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7617
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20231102.12
AB  - Groundwater resource management is globally essential for sustainable development, as approximately 30% of Earth's total freshwater is accessible as groundwater. Additionally, the sustainability of groundwater resources in northeast Punjab province, Pakistan, is under threat due to several processes, including overexploitation, increasing pollution, and anthropogenic activities in the current Anthropocene era. Addressing this problem requires continuous hydrogeological exploration. Thus, extensive and adequate hydrogeological exploration is necessary to identify underlying geological layers, the aquifer layer, and aquifer hydrogeological properties. In this study, we conducted the resistivity technique, specifically vertical electrical sounding (VES), in conjunction with borehole lithological logs. The objective was to delineate the variations in depth, thickness, and resistivity of the underlying hydrogeological layers, as well as to evaluate the aquifer geohydraulic properties (e. g., depth, thickness, apparent resistivity, transverse resistance, longitudinal conductance, hydraulic conductivity, and transmissivity) and groundwater quality properties (e g., salinity distribution). This assessment aimed to gain insights into the potentiality of groundwater and the potential risks of groundwater contamination for effective groundwater resource management. We utilized the least-squares method of the IpI2Winv program to invert the calculated apparent resistivity, which was characterized by a dynamic range for smoothening and correcting outliers. The subsurface was divided into rectangular blocks, and the application automatically generated a 2D model. To reduce the discrepancy between the measured and computed apparent resistivity values, we repeatedly modified the resistivity of the blocks through computer iteration. This iterative process aimed to minimize errors and increase the goodness of fit. The relationship between the model response and the VES points' field data was frequently less than 8%. The comprehensive analysis of aquifer geohydraulic properties and groundwater salinity distribution provides valuable insights for groundwater resource management. In summary, this study will aid in developing a plan for drilling new productive wells to ensure drinking water, irrigation, and long-term plantation sustainability in the region and other areas within the Indus Plain, Pakistan.
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  - 

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