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Numerical Modeling of River Sedimentation: Application to the Rice Farming Lowlands of Sindou, Burkina-Faso
Bama Nati Aïssata Delphine,
Kouakou Ariel Michée,
Leye Babacar
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
62-68
Received:
18 October 2020
Accepted:
5 November 2020
Published:
27 November 2020
Abstract: The development of the shallows has become essential in the fight against hunger in Burkina Faso. In addition, rivers there are subject to massive silting up caused by erosion. These sedimentary deposits tend to gradually reduce the flow section, thus promoting the retention of pollutants in streams. So in order to prevent this phenomenon, it is important to have tools to predict the evolution of sedimentation. The coupled equation of Shallow-water-Exner, treated from the complete system, was used in this study. Indeed, the complexity of the analytical resolution of this equation requires to adopt a numerical resolution. The finite volume method was chosen. The first step was to collect sedimentation data from the lowland of Sindou using locally made tools. Simulations are carried out in order to test the model's performance. Sensitivity analysis showed that the model is sensitive to disturbances in friction and slope parameters of the field. The results showed the tool's ability to simulate the sedimentation of actual unsatisfactory cases. In fact, bad appreciation of parameters, friction and the absence of the topographic data generate a large margin of error between the simulated and observed values showing a difference in the shape of the carried sediments curves.
Abstract: The development of the shallows has become essential in the fight against hunger in Burkina Faso. In addition, rivers there are subject to massive silting up caused by erosion. These sedimentary deposits tend to gradually reduce the flow section, thus promoting the retention of pollutants in streams. So in order to prevent this phenomenon, it is im...
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Climate Change Impact on Water Resources; The Case of Tono Irrigation Dam in Ghana
Edward Naabil,
Benjamin Lantei Lamptey,
Kouakou Kouadio,
Thompson Annor
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
69-78
Received:
25 October 2020
Accepted:
5 November 2020
Published:
30 November 2020
Abstract: West Africa (WA) in recent past experienced decreasing rainfall and increasing temperature. A preliminary assessment of these trends in the future (2025-2045) was conducted to evaluate its potential impact on water resources, specifically the Tono irrigation dam in Ghana. The climate change assessment was based on future climate data of Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 projected with ECHAM6 model and downscaled by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in reference with historical data (1990-2010). A 2-domain configuration was used: an outer domain at 25 km horizontal resolution encompassing the West African Region and an inner domain at 5 km horizontal resolution centered on the Tono basin. The assessment was done based on the annual mean, relative percentage change and spatial seasonal change of the simulated precipitation and temperature. The results show that for precipitation, both scenarios do not agree on the signal of change. RCP4.5 indicates an increase (+7%) in annual precipitation amount whereas RCP 8.5 indicates a decrease (-9.6%). For temperature, both scenarios agree on increasing temperature. These results shows that future streamflow will be influenced by climate change. The indications are that the flows will reduce does the dam levels will also reduce does affecting irrigation activities. This studies therefore provides information to the managers of Tono irrigation dam what measures to put in place for its sustainability.
Abstract: West Africa (WA) in recent past experienced decreasing rainfall and increasing temperature. A preliminary assessment of these trends in the future (2025-2045) was conducted to evaluate its potential impact on water resources, specifically the Tono irrigation dam in Ghana. The climate change assessment was based on future climate data of Representat...
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Research on Mine Water Inrush from Rocky Ground Cracks in Shallow Buried Seam in the Condition of Heavy Rain
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
79-85
Received:
15 November 2020
Accepted:
24 November 2020
Published:
4 December 2020
Abstract: Mine water inrush from rocky ground cracks is a major form of water inrush from the roof of shallow coal seams in gully areas, especially under heavy rainfall conditions, surface flooding poses a greater threat to the safety of mine production. In order to study the law of mine water inrush from rocky ground cracks in the gully under heavy rainfall conditions in shallow coal seam areas. Take a coal mine in the Carboniferous-Permian system in northern Shaanxi as an example. By predicting the flood flow in the surface gully under different rainfall conditions, summarize and analyze the development characteristics of surface cracks in different working faces, the calculation formula for flood flow of surface channel cracks in shallow coal seam mines is used to predict the water burst at different working faces. Comparing the calculation results of mine water inrush from rocky ground cracks with the actual mine water inrush from rocky ground cracks in surface gully of a certain working face, it is found that the calculated value and the actual water value are small, which can meet the forecast demand of mine water inrush from rocky ground cracks in surface gully. The research results provide a practical method for predicting the amount of mine water inrush from rocky ground cracks in shallow coal seam trenches in the valley area, which can more accurately predict the amount of mine water inrush from rocky ground cracks, which is of great significance to the prevention and control of mine water hazard caused by surface water in shallow coal seam areas.
Abstract: Mine water inrush from rocky ground cracks is a major form of water inrush from the roof of shallow coal seams in gully areas, especially under heavy rainfall conditions, surface flooding poses a greater threat to the safety of mine production. In order to study the law of mine water inrush from rocky ground cracks in the gully under heavy rainfall...
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Review on Hydrological and Environmental Challenges for Irrigation Agriculture Development in Ethiopia
Kasye Shitu,
Melaku Almaw
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
86-90
Received:
30 October 2020
Accepted:
12 November 2020
Published:
4 December 2020
Abstract: Ethiopia is frequently faced with climate-related hazards, commonly drought and floods and its agricultural products decrease time to time. As irrigation plays an essential role in stabilizing crop production by either supplementing or replacing the need for natural precipitation and it makes agriculture more confidential, the governments of Ethiopia has followed the development of small-scale irrigation (SSI) schemes for the adaptation and mitigation strategy to increase productivity and to diversify the livelihood scenarios as an option. But, how much the country has 5.3 million hectares of irrigable potential land and the governments of Ethiopia followed the development of small-scale irrigation, still only 5 to 10% of this potential land is irrigated and produces less than 3% of the total food production of the country. So, this review was conducted in order to find out the factors that affect irrigation agriculture development in Ethiopia from different literatures to provide useful information to decision makers for the planning, managing and developing of positional irrigable land of the country for the alleviation of recurrent drought in the country. Different literature indicates that minimum development and small production of irrigation occur in Ethiopia due to different challenges like, inadequate awareness of irrigation water management, inadequate knowledge on improved and diversified irrigation agronomic practices and factors like environmental, social, economic and political. So, in the country for minimization of these challenges and factors, and to increase irrigation development, irrigation project should be developed based on integrated and grass root approach.
Abstract: Ethiopia is frequently faced with climate-related hazards, commonly drought and floods and its agricultural products decrease time to time. As irrigation plays an essential role in stabilizing crop production by either supplementing or replacing the need for natural precipitation and it makes agriculture more confidential, the governments of Ethiop...
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IWRM Approaches in Water Resources Management Activities of BMDA, Barind Tract of Bangladesh: ABlooming Effort
Mohammad Iquebal Hossain,
Mohammad Niamul Bari,
Shafi Uddin Miah,
Mohammad Selim Reza,
Chowdhury Sarwar Jahan,
Mohammad Rashidul Hasan,
Mohammad Ferozur Rahaman
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
91-97
Received:
17 November 2020
Accepted:
27 November 2020
Published:
8 December 2020
Abstract: Barind Tract of Bangladesh, located in its North-West region is a drought prone water stressed area facing serious setback in water management for agriculture, drinking, domestic and other uses. Barind Multipurpose Development Authority (BMDA) has been working relentlessly to overcome such hostile situation introducing, devising and adopting various techniques, methods and technologies in an integrated way since 1986. So, the aim of present study is to discuss the attemptsand find the impacts of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) activities taken by BMDA for groundwater and surface water augmentation, rainwater harvesting, drinking water supply and irrigation water management. In this view necessary data and information related to the water resources development and managementactivities were collected from BMDA, field investigation and other sources and analyzed them. The study finds that due to IWRM approaches in water resources augmentation and management activities of BMDA, rainfall dependent single cropped land has been converted multi cropped land, water losses have been reduced, rural people are getting potable drinking water and the desert like Barind Tract area has been converted into a granary one. Attention needs to be given to augment and use more surface water as well as rainwater and maintain the irrigation and drinking water infrastructures on a regular basis for sustainable crop production, drinking and other uses of water.
Abstract: Barind Tract of Bangladesh, located in its North-West region is a drought prone water stressed area facing serious setback in water management for agriculture, drinking, domestic and other uses. Barind Multipurpose Development Authority (BMDA) has been working relentlessly to overcome such hostile situation introducing, devising and adopting variou...
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Alliance for Water Stewardship: A Network of Sustainable Water Stewards in Italy
Matteo Magagni,
Chiara Rizzi,
Maria Giuseppina Iannacci,
Eugenio Capponi,
Beatrice Bizzaro
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
98-103
Received:
20 February 2020
Accepted:
4 March 2020
Published:
8 December 2020
Abstract: Overexploitation and competitiveness over shared freshwater resources are some of the growing problems that affect many regions of Italy, especially Emilia Romagna, a region characterized by high water-related risks linked to water scarcity, droughts and baseline water stress. Private and public sectors are driven to find alternative or best-practice strategies to conserve and optimize the water resource and guarantee a future use to all. The Alliance for Water Stewardship (AWS) is the first international standard that assesses water-use across a 5-step certification procedure, with the aim of promoting good water stewardship by assessing and consequently mitigating the physical, reputational and regulatory water-related risks associated to a certain site and its territory. The AWS is proving to be an innovative certification adopted by a wide range of multinational companies in order to reduce their water footprint. The Italian affiliate of Philip Morris Manufacturing and Tecnology Bologna (MTB) of Crespellano has, with support of the INOGEN International Alliance and environmental consultants Denkstatt and HPC, implemented the Alliance for Water Stewardship (AWS) Standard in order to promote a sustainable and feasible water use as the second certified AWS site in Italy. The implemented procedure, benefits and outputs of the AWS have transformed and are continuing to transform MTB’s business and commitment towards a best-practice water management, with the aim to raise awareness and encourage others to do the same whilst conserving water as water stewards.
Abstract: Overexploitation and competitiveness over shared freshwater resources are some of the growing problems that affect many regions of Italy, especially Emilia Romagna, a region characterized by high water-related risks linked to water scarcity, droughts and baseline water stress. Private and public sectors are driven to find alternative or best-practi...
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