Estimation of the Redox Potential of Lake Mariut Drainage System (Qalaa and Umum Drains)
Mohamed A. Hassaan,
Osman A. El-Rayis,
Engy I. Hemada
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
82-85
Received:
10 October 2017
Accepted:
24 October 2017
Published:
11 December 2017
Abstract: Qalaa and Umum Drains are agricultural drains and they are the main water sources for Lake Mariut Main Basin (LMMB). The water of Qalaa Drains is anoxic all the time because it contains considerable quantity of oxygen-consuming matter due to the discharge of the wastewater of Alexandria East Wastewater Treatment Plant (EWTP). The present work is aiming to measuring the dissolved and particulate forms of the two major elements Mn and Fe, besides making an estimation of the redox potential of Qalaa and Umum Drains using Mn and Fe that can differentiate between the oxic water of Umum Drain and the anoxic water of Qalaa Drain. The oxidation of Qalaa Drain water is one of the solutions to remove the main Qalaa Drain problem which is H2S.
Abstract: Qalaa and Umum Drains are agricultural drains and they are the main water sources for Lake Mariut Main Basin (LMMB). The water of Qalaa Drains is anoxic all the time because it contains considerable quantity of oxygen-consuming matter due to the discharge of the wastewater of Alexandria East Wastewater Treatment Plant (EWTP). The present work is ai...
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Morphometric Analysis of Major Watersheds in Barind Tract, Bangladesh: A Remote Sensing and GIS-Based Approach for Water Resource Management
Mohammad Ferozur Rahaman,
Chowdhury Sarwar Jahan,
Riad Arefin,
Quamrul Hasan Mazumder
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
86-95
Received:
5 October 2017
Accepted:
23 October 2017
Published:
10 January 2018
Abstract: Morphometric analysis of major watersheds based on satellite images using hydrological module of ARC GIS software in the drought prone Barind Tract in the north-western part of Bangladesh has been carried out for its relevance in the water resource management. Here meteorological and hydrological drought effects increase day by day along with demand for groundwater irrigation, turning the area into acute agricultural drought condition. The studied watersheds have stream orders ranging from 1st to 6th, show dendritic drainage pattern, and represent homogeneity of soil texture; possibility of flash flood after heavy rainfall with low discharge of runoff; and not largely affected by structural disturbance. The moderate drainage density indicates semi-permeable soil lithology with moderate vegetation. Elongated shape watersheds are with low to moderate relief and are bounded in the east by land area of the Barind Tract of moderate to steep slope. It reveals a flatter peak of runoff flow for longer duration and gravity flow of water. Flat to gentle but undulating slope of the watersheds represent good category for water resource management owing to favorable site for infiltration due to maximum time of runoff water percolation. The east facing slopes of the watersheds show higher moisture contents and higher vegetation. The major part of the watersheds comes under cultivated land which supports the future basin development and management for water resource. Finally, present study would be useful in categorization of watersheds for future water resource development and management, and selection of suitable sites for water conservation structures like check dam, percolation tank etc., and artificial recharge of groundwater through MAR technique.
Abstract: Morphometric analysis of major watersheds based on satellite images using hydrological module of ARC GIS software in the drought prone Barind Tract in the north-western part of Bangladesh has been carried out for its relevance in the water resource management. Here meteorological and hydrological drought effects increase day by day along with deman...
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Appraisal of Fluoride Concentration, Distribution and Geogenic Origin in Ground and Surface Water from Semi-Arid Region, Part of Yobe State North-eastern Nigeria
Mohammad Yerima Kwaya,
Hamidu Hassan,
Jibrin Umar,
Kachalla Musa
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
96-101
Received:
25 January 2017
Accepted:
9 February 2017
Published:
10 January 2018
Abstract: The Fluoride concentration of water sources from part of Yobe State has been investigated, Fluoride levels in Pond water is between 0.71 and 1.36 mg/l, Dugwells concentration is from 0.00 to 1.5mg/l. The sampled water from tube wells and boreholes have concentrations ranges of 0.65-1.5 mg/l and 0.00- 2.2 mg/l respectively with the level of concentration being a function of depth. Health risk assessment have revealed three classes of risk in terms of Fluoride concentration levels in the water with 16 samples representing 14.3% falling within the Risk class of 1.5≤ R≤ 2.5(risk). Individual consuming such water have the tendency of getting dental fluorosis. Origins of Fluoride in the water are from Fluoride bearing minerals like Micas, Amphiboles, Illites, Apatite, Topaz, and Cryolite which occur in the sandy and clayey layers, anthropogenic sources from agricultural and irrigated land and leachate from dumps are the other possible sources of Fluoride in the tube wells and ponds water respectively. The dissolution, distribution and concentration of Fluoride in groundwater in the area are favoured by the high temperature high evapotranspiration rate and low rainfall situation of the semi-arid climate. Geochemical situation that allowed the leaching of Fluoride into the water are; high Alkaline or soda water environment, anion exchange of OH for F of the aquifer material, water residence time in the aquifer and type of climate. Drab and Sierozem Soil types control and facilitate the mobility and leaching of Fluoride in arid and semi-arid area. Generally the result has shown the area to have medium to average concentration of Fluoride in its waters with the highest value slightly above the 1.5 mg/l of WHO (2011) safe limit for drinking water. Periodic monitoring of Fluoride in the water sources is recommended so as to minimize the chances of people taking in water with high undesirable harmful Fluoride concentration.
Abstract: The Fluoride concentration of water sources from part of Yobe State has been investigated, Fluoride levels in Pond water is between 0.71 and 1.36 mg/l, Dugwells concentration is from 0.00 to 1.5mg/l. The sampled water from tube wells and boreholes have concentrations ranges of 0.65-1.5 mg/l and 0.00- 2.2 mg/l respectively with the level of concentr...
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